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The Cosmic Web: Mysterious Architecture of the Universe, by J. Richard Gott
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J. Richard Gott was among the first cosmologists to propose that the structure of our universe is like a sponge made up of clusters of galaxies intricately connected by filaments of galaxies—a magnificent structure now called the "cosmic web" and mapped extensively by teams of astronomers. Here is his gripping insider’s account of how a generation of undaunted theorists and observers solved the mystery of the architecture of our cosmos.
The Cosmic Web begins with modern pioneers of extragalactic astronomy, such as Edwin Hubble and Fritz Zwicky. It goes on to describe how, during the Cold War, the American school of cosmology favored a model of the universe where galaxies resided in isolated clusters, whereas the Soviet school favored a honeycomb pattern of galaxies punctuated by giant, isolated voids. Gott tells the stories of how his own path to a solution began with a high-school science project when he was eighteen, and how he and astronomer Mario Jurič measured the Sloan Great Wall of Galaxies, a filament of galaxies that, at 1.37 billion light-years in length, is one of the largest structures in the universe.
Drawing on Gott’s own experiences working at the frontiers of science with many of today’s leading cosmologists, The Cosmic Web shows how ambitious telescope surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey are transforming our understanding of the cosmos, and how the cosmic web holds vital clues to the origins of the universe and the next trillion years that lie ahead.
- Sales Rank: #487856 in eBooks
- Published on: 2016-01-26
- Released on: 2016-01-26
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
"With an insider's insight and a storyteller's eye for detail, Gott . . . explores the ways scientists have worked to reveal the large-scale structure of our universe. . . . Mixing accessible science with entertaining anecdotes and personal stories, Gott offers a thorough, vivid, and fascinating look at the cosmic web that makes up our universe."--Publishers Weekly (starred review)
"The Cosmic Web is not just a well-told story about the frontiers of cosmological knowledge. It is also an inspiration to explore them further."--Michael Blanton, Nature
"Weaving together personal anecdotes with physics and math, Princeton astrophysicist J. Richard Gott's The Cosmic Web chronicles the nearly 100-year quest to understand the anatomy of the universe. . . . Gott brings detailed insight to how our view of the cosmos has changed, providing a thorough accounting of how cosmologists arrived at these revelations."--Christopher Crockett, Science News
"[M]ust reading for anyone interested in cosmology and the universe's large-scale structure. [The Cosmic Web] is a magnificent achievement."--David Eicher, Astronomy Magazine
"With a style that's rich in fascinating detail, and bolstered by personal memories and anecdotes, The Cosmic Web delivers everything we need in a book on this subject."--Alastair Gunn, BBC Sky at Night Magazine
"An extraordinary book guiding the reader through the large scale of the Universe and the structure scientists encounter whilst looking at the Universe as a whole."--Read about Science
From the Back Cover
"Always riveting and thought-provoking, Gott deftly drills down, tunneling through our spongelike universe to reveal wide vistas for contemplation."--Siobhan Roberts, author of Genius at Play: The Curious Mind of John Horton Conway
"If you're baffled by such things as dark matter, dark energy, and the curvature of space-time, help is at hand. J. Richard Gott is an eminent physicist who has made fundamental contributions to our understanding of the cosmos--but he also has a gift for expressing complex ideas in clear, compelling language. The Cosmic Web is a terrific guide to what astrophysicists know about the universe, what they don't know, and how they're searching for answers."--Michael D. Lemonick, author of Mirror Earth: The Search for Our Planet's Twin
"Cosmology fans and budding cosmologists will benefit from Gott's story of the personalities and ideas behind a century of discovery about our universe and its structure. We learn of Gott's role in the concept of the multiverse and many other aspects of modern cosmology--and, as he puts it, whether the universe resembles meatballs or Swiss cheese."--Jay M. Pasachoff, Williams College
"With lucidity and dry wit, Gott tells the story of how he and his colleagues mapped the large-scale structure of the universe, drawing together the physics of large and small in what must rank among the most significant scientific attainments of modern times. The Cosmic Web is easily accessible to general readers, but I'm betting that even cosmological aficionados will learn from it. Essential reading for everyone interested in how the cosmos got to be what it is today.--Timothy Ferris
"This is an excellent book written by a major contributor to the research on cosmic structure. Gott shows how theory, simulations, and galaxy redshift surveys combine to give us a detailed understanding of the 'cosmic web,' and convincingly describes how our knowledge has advanced as computation and observational capabilities have improved."--Chris Impey, coauthor of Dreams of Other Worlds: The Amazing Story of Unmanned Space Exploration
About the Author
J. Richard Gott is professor of astrophysics at Princeton University. His books include Time Travel in Einstein's Universe: The Physical Possibilities of Travel through Time. He lives in Princeton Junction, New Jersey.
Most helpful customer reviews
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
If you read only one book about the evolution and structure of the Universe this decade, make it this one
By Howard L Ritter, Jr., M.D.
If you're an astronomer or physicist with professional familiarity with Gott's subject, then you probably won't learn much from this book. If you're anyone else – inquisitive layman, amateur astronomer, even professional astronomer whose expertise lies in a different field – with a desire to learn what astronomers and physicists have discovered about one of The Big Questions, what the large-scale structure of the universe is, as well as why it's that way, and how we determined this, told as a personal narrative by one of the principal players, then you should order this book as soon as you've read the reviews.
The author takes the reader carefully and comprehensibly, but rigorously, through the story of early theories about the distribution of matter and galaxies throughout the Universe built on first principles, the acquisition of observational data, the advent of serious computing power, and the beautiful interactions of theory and observation that have led to the present-day understanding. The shape of the distribution of galaxies and dark matter in the Universe has been both predicted and verified to be "spongelike", with all regions of above-average matter density being a complex, multiply connected 3D structure interlocking with a topologically similar structure comprising the regions of below-average density, with galaxies and dark matter strung along filaments running through the cores of the high-density structure. The shape of each of these regions is interconnected, meaning that you can travel from any spot in the high-density regime to any other spot without traversing a low-density volume, and vice-versa, just as water flows through a sponge. The story of how increasingly sophisticated conceptualization of conditions after the Big Bang and quantum fluctuations superimposed on cosmic inflation, of topological theory (in which Gott excelled from the time he was a teenager!), and of the application of statistics to cosmogony, interacted with increasingly sophisticated and voluminous observational data from ever-larger telescopes and cosmic surveys and with ballooning computational power is a beautiful and fascinating example of the methods of scientific progress. The confluence of multiple areas of both intellectual and experimental inquiry to form, and nail down, in several independent ways and to several decimal places, a consistent model of the beginning, evolution, current state, and ongoing behavior of the Universe is an utterly compelling achievement of modern science.
The story commences at one 10-trillionth of a 10-trillionth of a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang and comprises cosmic inflation, density fluctuations due to quantum uncertainty, the application of statistical mechanics, the growth of areas of both high and low density, the origin of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), its virtually perfect fit to a blackbody spectrum, its pattern on the sky and the power spectrum of its variations, the virtually perfect fit of the power spectrum to the predictions from inflation, sound waves in the infant Universe, the prediction of the CMB and its detection, the COBE, WMAP, and PLANCK CMB-mapping satellites and their balloon-borne predecessors, the deduction of the presence of dark matter, the manifold evidence for its existence and its dominance of matter in the Universe, the anticipation of dark vacuum energy and the discovery, by mapping of distant supernovae, of its repulsive effect powering the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe that commenced half the lifetime of the Universe ago, the calculation of it as dominating the mass and energy complement of the Universe, and the awesome (not a word I use hyperbolically) agreement between theory and observation.
A word about that agreement: In science, one often hears and thinks of theoretical projections of reality as being refined by observation and cobbled into shape before they reach their present level of refinement. But one of the almost miraculous things about the present picture of the Universe and its history is that just a few first principles, applied and carried to their logical conclusions, a few laws and constants and mathematical expressions, leavened with only a relatively little observational guidance, combined with the revelatory power of modern supercomputers, gave Gott and his colleagues a model universe whose structure and behavior replicate those of our observable Universe to within the limits of observational error. This is a truly astonishing thought.
As one of my English Lit professors said at the start of her unit on Shakespeare, the Bard's work "will reward a close reading". The same is true of Gott's work (there's a bilingual pun in there about God's work) That is, read on carefully, pay attention, think, be sure you understand what you've just read, rinse, repeat. This book is dense in terms of information, reasoning, and conclusions. It will reward a close reading. Those comfortable with a little algebra and physics will be able to stretch those muscles a bit, along with exercising the logic organs. But the book can be profitably and enjoyably read by those who wish to be more spectators than participants; that is, the more taxing parts of the arguments can be glossed over without losing sight of the grand picture. Sentences like "The measured tilt in the primordial power spectrum relative to the Harrison-Zeldovich constant amplitude hypothesis is -0.032 +/- 0.006... This compares amazingly well with the value predicted by inflation–for a simple model rolling slowly down a hill in the landscape: -0.0333" can be parsed, probably with references back to things discussed earlier, by those interested, or taken on faith by the more typical lay reader. Do not be deterred if you see passages like this in the "Look Inside" feature. This book very definitely IS for inquisitive lay people as well as anyone else seeking a peerless nonmathematical introduction to the Universe and how it got its spots – er, sponge (apologies to Janna Levin – see her book too!).
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Good book on the history/future of current views of our universe's architecture.
By Andrew Ketner
The author is one of the great minds of our time and is involved in many of the revelations of the last 30 years . He has done a good job of leading us thru our understanding of the structure and history to the possible future of our universe. The book explains his current thoughts on the creation of our current universe and the structure of the web that is our universe. It also gives us the possible paths that our future may hold due to the changes that are occurring in our universe. I recommend this book for all those interested in the structure and future of our universe.
11 of 11 people found the following review helpful.
An examination of the architecture of the Universe
By Harold W. Miller
J. Richard Gott has written a very interesting and thorough book concerning the architecture of the Universe. Dr. Gott has been a participant in the research that has allowed humanity to see the intricate web structure that fills the observable universe. The author has listed all the contributors, seemingly leaving no one out. He described the ever increasing complex simulations on supercomputers that allow researchers to limn out the Big Bang. As the computers became more powerful, the simulations began to match what the telescopes on Earth and in Space were discovering. Dr. Gott's book doesn't avoid using higher math to describe the findings. That said, the book may be a bit over the heads of some readers. Since the research is still ongoing, we can expect revised edition. Dr. Gott's book is a book of scientific detective work and deserves to be red by armchair cosmologists.
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